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Science Chapter 6

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 
 
Checking Main Ideas
Choose the best answer.
 

 1. 
Where is salt water most often found relative to dry land?
a.
in rivers and streams
b.
in underground wells
c.
along shorelines and near beaches
d.
in ice sheets at the North Pole
 

 2. 
A flat landform found at a high elevation is called a __________.
a.
plateau
b.
river valley
c.
plain
d.
canyon
 

 3. 
Earth’s crust consists mostly of __________.
a.
glaciers
b.
pressurized metals
c.
magma
d.
solid rock
 

 4. 
Water covers about _________ of Earth’s surface.
a.
50%
c.
70%
b.
60%
d.
80%
 

 5. 
What can be found in single peaks or in chains or ranges.
a.
canyons
c.
plateaus
b.
mountains
d.
mesas
 

 6. 
What is similar to plateaus but smaller?
a.
canyons
c.
plains
b.
mountains
d.
mesas
 

 7. 
What forms the edges of the continent?
a.
continental shelf
c.
continental rise
b.
continental slope
 

 8. 
What forms the sides of the continent?
a.
continental shelf
c.
continental rise
b.
continental slope
 

 9. 
___________ are mountains rising from the ocean floor.
a.
Trenches
c.
Seamounts
b.
Contour lines
d.
Plains
 

 10. 
The vast area ar the bottom of the ocean floor is the ___________.
a.
abyssal mountain
c.
abyssal trench
b.
abyssal plain
d.
abyssal continental rise
 

 11. 
___________ runs more than 33,000 miles through the ocean floor.
a.
Mariana Trench
c.
Mid-ocean ridges
b.
Mid-ocean canyons
d.
Deep canyons
 

 12. 
By studying contour lines, you can learn __________.
a.
the shape and steepness of the land
c.
the shape and characterisitcs of the land
b.
the shape and features of the land
d.
the shape and weathering of the land
 

 13. 
__________ and _________ are destructive forces.
a.
Weathering and deposition
c.
Weathering and sediment
b.
Weathering and erosion
d.
Weathering and deposit
 

 14. 
_________ is a constructive forces.
a.
Deposition
c.
Weathering
b.
Erosion
d.
Acid rain
 

 15. 
Constructive forces _________  the land.
a.
breaks down
c.
builds up
b.
moves
d.
destroys
 

 16. 
An ___________ is formed after a river rushes down a steep slope and then slow over a flat plain.
a.
volcanic activity
c.
sediment
b.
delta
d.
alluvial fan
 

 17. 
A _________is formed where a river enters an ocean.
a.
alluvial fan
c.
continental slope
b.
delta
d.
continental shelf
 

 18. 
Melted rock below the Earth’s surface is called _______.
a.
lava
c.
rocks
b.
magma
d.
molten sand
 

 19. 
When this melted rock works its way through the Earth’s crust and flows onto the Earth’s surface, it is called __________.
a.
alluvial fan
c.
volcanic activity
b.
delta
d.
plate tectonics
 

 20. 
The melted rock that flows on the Earth’s surface is called _________.
a.
lava
c.
acid rain
b.
magma
 

 21. 
When lava builds up, it forms deposits known as _________.
a.
shield mountains
c.
shield cones
b.
shield crust
d.
shield volcanoes
 

 22. 
__________ is an example of a shield cone.
a.
Himalaya Mountains
c.
Mariana Trench
b.
Hawaiian Islands
 

 23. 
_________ is an example of Earth’s plates colliding and folding.
a.
Himalaya Mountains
c.
Mariana Trench
b.
Hawaiian Islands
 

 24. 
_______, ________, and ______ are properties that are used to identify surface features.
a.
Location, shape, and contour lines
c.
Location, shape, and elevation
b.
Location, elevations, and contour lines
d.
Shape, elevation, and contour lines
 

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
 
 
Reviewing Vocabulary
Complete each sentence with the correct vocabulary word.

topographic
erosion
crust
Sediment
Contour
deposition
weathering
 

 25. 
The rocky outer layer of Earth’s surface is called the __________.
 

 

 26. 
Rocks break down during a destructive process called __________.
 

 

 27. 
__________ forms when agents of mechanical weathering break rocks into smaller pieces.
 

 

 28. 
Wind, water, and moving ice move sediments during the process of __________.
 

 

 29. 
In the picture, the small islands can form during the constructive process called __________.

chapter_6_files/i0330000.jpg
 

 

 30. 
__________ lines connect points on a map that have the same elevation.
 

 

 31. 
A __________ map shows the shape of surface features and their elevations.
 

 

Matching
 
 
Use the diagram of the Continental Margin. Match each item to a letter in the diagram.

chapter_6_files/i0370000.jpg
 

 32. 
continental rise
 

 33. 
continental shelf
 

 34. 
continental slope
 

Short Answer
 
 
Checking Main Ideas
 

 35. 
List three causes of mechanical weathering.
 

Essay
 
 
Using Inquiry Skills
Answer the questions using complete sentences.
 

 36. 
Analyze Data  How many peaks are shown in this topographic map? Explain how you can use information from the map to identify the landforms.

chapter_6_files/i0460000.jpg
 

 37. 
Compare  Wind, running water, and glaciers lead to erosion. Which one moves sediments most quickly? Which moves sediments most slowly? Which is capable of moving the heaviest sediments?
 

BOUNS
 

 38. 
How many major mountain ranges make up the Rocky Mountain system.
 

 39. 
Some seamounts have flat tops.  What is their name?
 

 40. 
Caves are the result of __________.
 

 41. 
A ________ is formed when sea caves on both sides of a headland join.
 

 42. 
About how many lakes were created in Minnesota by glaciers?
 

 43. 
__________ and ___________ are formed from the remains of living things.
 

 44. 
_________ form from streams that flow along the bottoms of melting glaciers.
 

 45. 
In high mountains, glaciers can carve out boul-shaped hollows called _________.     
 

 46. 
The word mesa means __________ in Spanish.
 



 
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