Multiple
Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
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Checking
Main Ideas
Choose the best answer.
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1.
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Which is the
thickest of Earth’s layers?
a. | core | b. | mantle | c. | lithosphere | d. | crust | | |
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2.
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Where do most
of Earth’s volcanoes and earthquakes occur?
a. | on continental plates | b. | on oceanic plates | c. | along plate boundaries | d. | in southern California | | |
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3.
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Which best
describes the surface waves produced by an earthquake?
a. | They move more slowly than body waves. | b. | They move more quickly than body waves. | c. | They travel a great distance from the
epicenter. | d. | They cause relatively little damage. | | |
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4.
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What kind of
mountains will form as a result of the plate movement shown in the
diagram?
a. | dome
mountains | b. | composite mountains | c. | fault-block mountains | d. | fold mountains | | |
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5.
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Which is the
hottest layer of the Earth? a. | crust | c. | outer core | b. | inner core | d. | mantle | | | | |
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6.
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Which layer is
the only liquid layer? a. | crust | c. | outer core | b. | inner core | d. | mantle | | | | |
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7.
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Where is the
core the thinnest? a. | mountains | c. | oceans | b. | plates | d. | lithosphere | | | | |
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8.
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The
lithosphere is divided into giant slabs of rocks called __________. a. | magma | c. | converging boundaries | b. | lava | d. | plates | | | | |
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9.
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How many knids
of plates are there?
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10.
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__________ are
two plates that move toward each other. a. | Diverging boundaries | c. | Sliding boundaries | b. | Subduction | d. | Converging boundaries | | | | |
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11.
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_________
usually occurs when a continental plate and an oceanic plate converge. a. | Diverging | c. | Sliding | b. | Subduction | d. | Converging | | | | |
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12.
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When two
plates diverge, __________ rises up to form new crust. a. | plate | b. | lava | c. | molten rock | | | | | | |
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13.
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__________ are
two plates moving away from each other. a. | Diverging boundaries | c. | Sliding | b. | Subduction | d. | Converging boundaries | | | | |
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14.
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At a
___________, the rocks break and one block moves down a sloping crack. a. | diverging boundary fault | c. | converging boundary fault | b. | plate boundary fault | d. | sliding boundary fault | | | | |
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15.
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At a
____________, rocks are compressed as they come together; one block moves up along a sloping
crack. a. | diverging boundary
fault | c. | converging boundary fault | b. | plate boundary fault | d. | sliding boundary fault | | | | |
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16.
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What scale is
used to measure the size and magnitude of an earthquake? a. | Thermocouple | b. | Richter | c. | Seismograph | | | | | | |
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17.
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The ___ waves
can pass through solid or liquid, and they cause back and forth motions.
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18.
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A ____wave can
only pass through solids and cause up and down motions.
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19.
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________waves
travel through Earth’s interior and move very quickly.
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20.
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_________waves
travel along Earth’s surface and move more slowly.
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21.
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Which wave
does not move very far from the epicenter? a. | Body wave | b. | S wave | c. | P wave | d. | Surface wave | | | | | | | | |
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22.
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Which wave can
cause the most damage? a. | Body wave | b. | S wave | c. | P wave | d. | Surface wave | | | | | | | | |
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23.
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Folding occurs
when _________. a. | an oceanic plate collides
with a continental plate | b. | a oceanic plate sliding past a continental
plate | c. | a oceanic plate breaking
apart from a continental plate | | |
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24.
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Andes
Mountains is an example of _______. a. | faulting | b. | folding | c. | plate tectonics | | | | | | |
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25.
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Fold mountains
most often occur a _________ boundaries. a. | diverging | c. | converging | b. | sliding | d. | plate | | | | |
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26.
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Volcanic
activity mainly occurs at __________ boundaries. a. | diverging | c. | converging | b. | sliding | d. | plate | | | | |
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27.
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When magma
rises up but doesn’t break through the Earth’s surface, it creates
_________ a. | dome mountains
| c. | composite mountains | b. | cinder cone mountains | d. | volcanoes | | | | |
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Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
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Reviewing
Vocabulary
Complete each sentence with the correct vocabulary word.
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28.
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Earth’s
__________, indicated by Arrow 1, consists of liquid metals.
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29.
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Arrow 2 is
pointing to the __________.
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30.
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__________ is
a theory that describes how large slabs of the lithosphere move.
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31.
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Built-up
energy is released along a fault during a/an __________.
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32.
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Intense
vibrations felt throughout Earth’s crust during an earthquake are
called__________.
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33.
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__________is
melted rock found beneath Earth’s surface.
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34.
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Both
earthquakes and volcanoes are often found along __________, which are cracks in Earth’s
crust.
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Essay
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BONUS
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35.
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List three
ways scientists can learn more about what goes on beneath Earth’s surface.
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36.
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What is used
to detect and measure vibrations of Earth’s Crust?
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37.
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Which
scientist believed in Pangaea?
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38.
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How many major
plate boundaries are there?
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39.
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Name the place
in the U.S. that is evidence to the Earth’s hot interior.
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40.
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What can
scientist learn from studying fossils?
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41.
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What
information do scientist have that plates have moved?
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